Use IFs (Download) Data Analysis - Revision history

Ethan.Sullivan: Updated to similar format to Display and Scenario Analysis

2025-09-03T17:52:54Z

Updated to similar format to Display and Scenario Analysis

Ethan.Sullivan: Still in progress

2025-09-03T16:59:53Z

Still in progress

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:59, 3 September 2025
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	* '''Show Variable Name Subset''': Choose the variable category like '''Health''' or '''International Politics''' to refine the search.		* '''Show Variable Name Subset''': Choose the variable category like '''Health''' or '''International Politics''' to refine the search.
	* '''Other Filters''': Choose '''Used for Initialization''' to only select variables that are used in the model preprocessor, choose variables with '''At least 10 Data Points''', choose variables with data '''At least through 2020''', or choose '''All''' to display all variables.		* '''Other Filters''': Choose '''Used for Initialization''' to only select variables that are used in the model preprocessor, choose variables with '''At least 10 Data Points''', choose variables with data '''At least through 2020''', or choose '''All''' to display all variables.
	* '''Analysis''':		* '''Analysis''': Choose to '''Use All Years (In Statistics)''', '''Use All Years and Time (In Statistics)''', or '''None''' to only choose one year.
	* Plot: Create a plot of the chosen variables. IFs will only plot the relationship between up to three variables. The plot option is ~~exlpained~~ further below.		* '''Plot''': Create a plot of the chosen variables. IFs will only plot the relationship between up to three variables. The plot option is explained further below.
	* Statistics:		* '''Statistics''': Generate statistics for the chosen variables relationships.
	* [[Repeated Features#General%20Display%20Options\|'''Continue''']]: Go back to the previous menu or to the Main Menu of IFs.		* [[Repeated Features#General%20Display%20Options\|'''Continue''']]: Go back to the previous menu or to the Main Menu of IFs.
	* Computations:		* '''Computations''': Create a computation for a new variable list to use for data analysis. Follow the steps from the COMPUTATIOLNS PAGe except choose a year when prompted.
	* Search:		* '''Search''': Open a search page to search and choose variables from.
	* '''Help''': Open the corresponding page in the [[Main Page\|Pardee Wiki]] with the current feature or display they are using.		* '''Help''': Open the corresponding page in the [[Main Page\|Pardee Wiki]] with the current feature or display they are using.

	Plot options		Plot options

			Statistics Options

			Search Options



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	Another feature of this section of IFs is the [[Computations]] button.		Another feature of this section of IFs is the [[Computations]] button.

	Exploration of maps, cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships, and relationships computed for IFs can give you much information about the apparent relationships among a wide range of global development indicators. Even if you never used IFs for forecasting, this data analysis capacity could significantly enhance your understanding of the world.<span style="font-size:xx-large;">World Map Movie outdated</span>The '''World Map Movie''' is accessible in two locations in IFs. The first is under the '''Data Analysis''' heading on the main IFs screen. The second is under Specialized Display, which is a sub-heading of the Display heading on the Main Menu. The World Map Movie found under the Data Analysis heading deals with historic data, while the World Map Movie found under the Specialized Display heading deals with forecasted data. Selecting the World Map Movie allows the user to display on a map of the world the changes in selected variables over time in all of the countries for which IFs has data. This section describes how to use the various options to tailor the movie to the userpreferences.		Exploration of maps, cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships, and relationships computed for IFs can give you much information about the apparent relationships among a wide range of global development indicators. Even if you never used IFs for forecasting, this data analysis capacity could significantly enhance your understanding of the world.

			== <span style="font-size:xx-large;">World Map Movie outdated</span> ==
			The '''World Map Movie''' is accessible in two locations in IFs. The first is under the '''Data Analysis''' heading on the main IFs screen. The second is under Specialized Display, which is a sub-heading of the Display heading on the Main Menu. The World Map Movie found under the Data Analysis heading deals with historic data, while the World Map Movie found under the Specialized Display heading deals with forecasted data. Selecting the World Map Movie allows the user to display on a map of the world the changes in selected variables over time in all of the countries for which IFs has data. This section describes how to use the various options to tailor the movie to the userpreferences.

	After selecting World Map Movie, the dialog box pictured below appears on the userscreen.		After selecting World Map Movie, the dialog box pictured below appears on the userscreen.

Ethan.Sullivan: work in progress

2025-09-02T23:50:33Z

work in progress

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 This option can be accessed from the Main Menu: choose '''Data Analysis''' then click '''Analyze Across Countries (Cross-Sectional Analysis)'''.
-Use this option to analyze variables across countries at a given point in time. Explore the relationships between two or more variables by selecting the variables of interest from the drop down. First click the bubble below the drop down to select for either the '''Dependent Variable''' or an '''Independent variable''' for the analysis, then choose the desired variable from the drop down. Type into the search bar above the variable dropdown.
+Use this option to analyze variables across countries at a given point in time. Explore the relationships between two or more variables by selecting the variables of interest from the drop down. First click the bubble below the drop down to select for either the '''Dependent Variable''' or an '''Independent variable''' for the analysis, then choose the desired variable from the drop down. Type into the search bar above the variable dropdown to quickly find a variable. Then use the options and features described below to plot and further explore relationships between variables.
 [[File:Example of Analyze Across Countries.png|center|thumb|950x950px|An example of the Analyze Across Countries page.]]
 The menu of Analyze Across Countries is dominated by the Select Variable and Data Table. From this list, users are able to select from all of the data tables that underpin the functioning of IFs.

Ethan.Sullivan at 20:02, 29 August 2025

2025-08-29T20:02:06Z

Show changes

Ethan.Sullivan: Still in progress

2025-08-28T00:09:05Z

Still in progress

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:09, 28 August 2025
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	= <span style="font-size:xx-large;">World Map: Historic Data</span> =		= <span style="font-size:xx-large;">World Map: Historic Data</span> =

	~~The~~ World Map option ~~is a constantly evolving program, with new features added~~ to the ~~option regularly. The~~ World Map ~~is located under~~ the Data Analysis ~~option on the Main Menu~~.		Use the ''World Map'' option to compare historical data for variables across countries. To open the ''World Map'' from the Main Menu choose '''Data Analysis''' then click '''''World Map'''''.

	~~The main function of the World Map is to display~~ data in a ~~visually dramatic format~~. ~~Instead~~ of ~~representing country-related forecasts as lines in~~ a~~ '''graph''', or columns in a '''table''',~~ the ~~user is able to view~~ the ~~forecasts as~~ shades of ~~color imposed on~~ a ~~map~~ of the ~~world.~~		This option displays variable data in a given year as shades of color that correspond to different levels of that variable or list. On the left side of the map there is a legend that shows the current variable being displayed and the shades with their corresponding levels of the variable.
			[[File:Example of Display Map.png\|center\|thumb\|950x950px\|An example of the Display Map page with HDI.]]
			There are a number of options and features that adjust the map:

	~~A function of~~ the menu of the map ~~feature is ~~'''~~Continue~~'''~~ button~~. ~~Use this to exit and return~~ to the ~~previous~~ display ~~screen~~.		* [[Repeated Features#General%20Display%20Options\|'''Continue''']]: Go back to the previous menu or to the Main Menu of IFs.
			* '''Refresh Map''': After making changes to the display option fields, click this to update those changes in the map.
			* '''Data Information''': Open information on the data source and availability of the data in different years.
			* '''Define Categories''': Open a screen to adjust the cutoffs for the display categories.
			* '''Help''': Open the corresponding page in the [[Main Page\|Pardee Wiki]] with the current feature or display they are using.

	~~Another menu option is '''~~Display Data'''. If this option is selected, a box will appear that allows users to change the data set that is being displayed. The default data set that is available is the TimeSeries data table. By scrolling through the Data Table, users can select from different data sets. These sets then correspond with a larger list of variables displayed in the Variable Name scroll-down. Below the Variable Name option is the Dimension of Variable which allows users to change the year being displayed. At the top right of this box is the ability to increase the amount of categories displayed as well as switching between Equal Interval or Equal Count. The later option ~~allows users to either display an equal number of countries in one category or numerically equal categories. Finally, at the very bottom of this box, users are able to access the Data Information.~~		Display option fields:

	~~Another feature of this version of the map is Display Options. The following options can be found by selecting this option.~~		* '''Data Table''': Choose the data table or category to get variables from.
			* '''Data Field''': Choose the variable to display.
	*'''~~Labels:~~'''~~ Selecting this option will allow users~~ to ~~place the names of all countries on the map. Removing Labels will take these names away. Users can also change the font of the country names~~.		* '''Dimension of Variable''': Choose the year to display. When displaying from the time series Data Table this option is available.
	*'''~~Colors:~~'''~~ By selecting this option, users have~~ the ~~ability~~ to ~~change the color in which data is displayed~~.		* '''Display Type''': Select one of the two sub options:
	*'''~~Projection:~~'''~~ By selecting this option, users have~~ the ~~ability~~ to display the ~~map differently~~.		** '''Equal Interval''': Set the display categories to have the same range of variables (ex. 0 to 400 and 400 to 800).
	*'''~~Layers:~~'''~~ Selecting this option presents users with the ability to add different layers on top~~ of the map to more clearly see how geographic changes may or may not play a role in different data displays. The layers that the user can add include infrastructure, such as roads, railways, and piplines, and environmental, including options ~~such as rivers and forest cover. The user is also able to remove all or specified layers.~~		** '''Equal Count''': Set the display categories to each hold the same count of countries.
			* '''Number of Categories''': Change the number of display categories using this drop down from 2 to 7.
	~~Another feature of the map is the collection of different buttons located directly beneath menu options.~~		* '''Color''': Choose the display color of the map from this dropdown: sandy brown, green, blue, red, or gray.
			* '''Projection''': Change the type of map projection from the dropdown.
	*'''~~A magnifying glass next to a plus sign:~~'''~~ can be used~~ to ~~zoom in on a specific part~~ of ~~the world~~. ~~Simply highlight the button, move your mouse over the part of the world you would like~~ to ~~more closely look at~~ and ~~left click~~.
	*'''~~A magnifying glass next to a minus sign:~~'''~~ can be used~~ to ~~zoom out. Simply highlight this button, move your mouse over~~ the ~~world map and left click~~.
	*'''~~A hand:~~'''~~ can be used to move~~ the ~~world map around. Highlight~~ this ~~feature, move your mouse over a zoomed-in world map, left click, hold and drag~~ to ~~your desired location~~.
	*'''~~A globe:~~'''~~ can be used to zoom back out to~~ the ~~standard, centered, default view~~ of the ~~world~~ map.
	*'''~~A printer:~~'''~~ can be used to print out the map you are looking at.~~
	*'''A pointer:''' can be used to copy the data that underlies the map display. Clicking on this button will present a prompt that tells you that you have copied the data to the computerclipboard. If you would like to, say, copy the data to a Word file, simply open the file, right click on the white, empty space and select paste.

	~~Some final features of the map are located to~~ the ~~left~~ of ~~the map and below the map. The~~ map ~~legend is located to~~ the ~~left of the map. It displays the data points that delineate the different display categories. On the bottom of the map display, the year being displayed is identified as well as the variable name~~.

	= <span style="font-size:xx-large;">World Map Movie</span> =		= <span style="font-size:xx-large;">World Map Movie</span> =

EmoryFerguson at 17:59, 27 July 2017

2017-07-27T17:59:04Z

Wikiadmin at 17:28, 25 July 2017

2017-07-25T17:28:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:28, 25 July 2017
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	After selecting World Map Movie, the dialog box pictured below appears on the userscreen.		After selecting World Map Movie, the dialog box pictured below appears on the userscreen.

	[[File:Map1.gif\|~~center~~\|World Map Movie options]]		[[File:Map1.gif\|frame\|right\|World Map Movie options]]

	'''Choose Variables and Years'''		'''Choose Variables and Years'''

CamrynDreyer at 15:37, 25 July 2017

2017-07-25T15:37:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:37, 25 July 2017
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	== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Cross-Sectional Analysis Extended Features</span> ==		== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Cross-Sectional Analysis Extended Features</span> ==

	These features can be accessed through [~~http://www.du.edu/ifs/help/use/data/crosssectional/index.html~~ Cross-Sectional Analysis] from Data Analysis on the Main Menu of IFs.		These features can be accessed through [[Use_IFs_(Download)_Data_Analysis#Analyze_Across_Countries_(Cross-Sectional_Analysis)\|Cross-Sectional Analysis]] from Data Analysis on the Main Menu of IFs.

	'''Extended Option.''' When you use the input line for independent or dependent variable selection, it is also possible to compute a variable as a simple function of two or more other variables (e.g. as the sum, difference, quotient, or product of two other variables).		'''Extended Option.''' When you use the input line for independent or dependent variable selection, it is also possible to compute a variable as a simple function of two or more other variables (e.g. as the sum, difference, quotient, or product of two other variables).
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	Note that at low levels of GDP per capita at PPP (in constant dollars over time) the life expectancy has generally gone up. In other words, countries have succeeded in raising life expectancy even at low levels of GDP per capita. Why? It could be some combination of improved medical technology and of improved health policy. In any case, the shift in the relationship over time suggests the value of multi-variate analysis of the relationship, not just bi-variate.		Note that at low levels of GDP per capita at PPP (in constant dollars over time) the life expectancy has generally gone up. In other words, countries have succeeded in raising life expectancy even at low levels of GDP per capita. Why? It could be some combination of improved medical technology and of improved health policy. In any case, the shift in the relationship over time suggests the value of multi-variate analysis of the relationship, not just bi-variate.

	Another feature of this section of IFs is the [~~http://www.du.edu/ifs/help/use/repeated/computations/computations.html~~ Computations] button.		Another feature of this section of IFs is the [[Computations\|Computations]] button.

	== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Analyze Across Countries (Scattergram)</span> ==		== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Analyze Across Countries (Scattergram)</span> ==

CamrynDreyer at 15:35, 25 July 2017

2017-07-25T15:35:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:35, 25 July 2017
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	An additional feature of the Cross-Sectional Analysis is the ability to look more closely at the data set in which a user might be interested. Left-click on any variable and a small window with two options will appear: Select and Data Information. Click Select to choose that variable. Click Data Information in order to access detailed information as to the scope, availability and properties of the data set in question.		An additional feature of the Cross-Sectional Analysis is the ability to look more closely at the data set in which a user might be interested. Left-click on any variable and a small window with two options will appear: Select and Data Information. Click Select to choose that variable. Click Data Information in order to access detailed information as to the scope, availability and properties of the data set in question.

	At the bottom of the dialogue box is a drop-down menu with the title [~~http://www.du.edu/ifs/help/use/repeated/source.html~~ Source File]. Choosing different source files allows the user to view and experiment with data for a small number of countries at the provincial level.		At the bottom of the dialogue box is a drop-down menu with the title [[Source_File\|Source File]]. Choosing different source files allows the user to view and experiment with data for a small number of countries at the provincial level.

	== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Cross-Sectional Analysis Extended Features</span> ==		== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Cross-Sectional Analysis Extended Features</span> ==

CamrynDreyer at 15:34, 25 July 2017

2017-07-25T15:34:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:34, 25 July 2017
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	Pick a variable such as AIDDon%GNI (aid donations as a percent of Gross National Income, the successor concept to Gross National Product). Using the screen that comes up when you touch Select Countries, pick the United States as a donor country. Then Exit back to the screen for analysis over time and Plot the result. You will see the decline in U.S. aid commitment over time.		Pick a variable such as AIDDon%GNI (aid donations as a percent of Gross National Income, the successor concept to Gross National Product). Using the screen that comes up when you touch Select Countries, pick the United States as a donor country. Then Exit back to the screen for analysis over time and Plot the result. You will see the decline in U.S. aid commitment over time.

	On this particular plot, and dependent on the version of the model you are using, you may see values for Earliest and MostRecent. These values have been entered into the data file so that users can have available; for example, the most recent value of a variable for all countries, regardless of whether that value comes from 2000, 2001, or 2005. Most recent (and earliest) values are especially useful for cross-sectional analysis and you may or may not want them on your longitudinal [~~http://www~~.~~du.edu/ifs/help/use/repeated/general/graph/graph.html~~ graph].		On this particular plot, and dependent on the version of the model you are using, you may see values for Earliest and MostRecent. These values have been entered into the data file so that users can have available; for example, the most recent value of a variable for all countries, regardless of whether that value comes from 2000, 2001, or 2005. Most recent (and earliest) values are especially useful for cross-sectional analysis and you may or may not want them on your longitudinal [[General_Display_Options#Line_Graph,_Bar_Graph,_Scatter,_Etc.\|graph]].

	Another feature of this section of IFs is the [~~http://www.du.edu/ifs/help/use/repeated/computations/computations.html~~ Computations] button.		Another feature of this section of IFs is the [[Computations\|Computations]] button.

	Exploration of maps, cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships, and relationships computed for IFs can give you much information about the apparent relationships among a wide range of global development indicators. Even if you never used IFs for forecasting, this data analysis capacity could significantly enhance your understanding of the world.		Exploration of maps, cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships, and relationships computed for IFs can give you much information about the apparent relationships among a wide range of global development indicators. Even if you never used IFs for forecasting, this data analysis capacity could significantly enhance your understanding of the world.

	= <span style="font-size:xx-large;">Analyze Across Countries (Cross-Sectional Analysis)</span> =		= <span style="font-size:xx-large;">Analyze Across Countries (Cross-Sectional Analysis)</span> =

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:59, 27 July 2017
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	After selecting Start, the dialogue box will close, and the World Map as pictured below (or similar to it) will appear. This section describes what the user is viewing, and how to manipulate the functions at the bottom of the screen.		After selecting Start, the dialogue box will close, and the World Map as pictured below (or similar to it) will appear. This section describes what the user is viewing, and how to manipulate the functions at the bottom of the screen.

	[[File:Map3.gif\|center\|Example of World Map Movie display]]		[[File:Map3.gif\|frame\|center\|Example of World Map Movie display]]

	== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Playing Movie for Historic Data</span>  ==		== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Playing Movie for Historic Data</span>  ==
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	This option can be accessed from the Data Analysis option on IFs Main Menu.		This option can be accessed from the Data Analysis option on IFs Main Menu.

	[[File:Time.gif\|~~center~~\|Variables across time window]]		[[File:Time.gif\|frame\|right\|Variables across time window]]

	This screen looks much like others you have seen. One difference is that you must select a single or a small set of countries for your longitudinal analysis. You can look at a variable over time (using time as the independent variable), or you can treat time as points on the graph and look at the relationship between two variables.		This screen looks much like others you have seen. One difference is that you must select a single or a small set of countries for your longitudinal analysis. You can look at a variable over time (using time as the independent variable), or you can treat time as points on the graph and look at the relationship between two variables.
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	This option can be accessed from the Data Analysis option on IFs Main Menu.		This option can be accessed from the Data Analysis option on IFs Main Menu.

	[[File:Country.gif\|~~center~~\|Variables across countries window]]		[[File:Country.gif\|frame\|right\|Variables across countries window]]

	The menu of Analyze Across Countries is dominated by the Select Variable and Data Table. From this list, users are able to select from all of the data tables that underpin the functioning of IFs.		The menu of Analyze Across Countries is dominated by the Select Variable and Data Table. From this list, users are able to select from all of the data tables that underpin the functioning of IFs.
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	Some users, however, will want to proceed further and to describe the relationship between the two variables with an equation. If you have Microsoft Excel available on your computer, you can do this by touching the Excel button from the Scatter plot. That button actually creates a link with Excel and carries the scatter plot (with supporting data) to Excel for further analysis.		Some users, however, will want to proceed further and to describe the relationship between the two variables with an equation. If you have Microsoft Excel available on your computer, you can do this by touching the Excel button from the Scatter plot. That button actually creates a link with Excel and carries the scatter plot (with supporting data) to Excel for further analysis.

	[[File:Feat1.gif\|~~center~~\|Example of Scatter plot]]Excel opens up many additional features for your use that can be described in more detail using Excel’s Help menu. But let’s walk through the process of fitting a line and associated equation to the data (important for the next Lesson). First, maximize the Excel screen by using the maximize button in the upper right hand corner of the window (the icon of a single large window).		[[File:Feat1.gif\|frame\|right\|Example of Scatter plot]]Excel opens up many additional features for your use that can be described in more detail using Excel’s Help menu. But let’s walk through the process of fitting a line and associated equation to the data (important for the next Lesson). First, maximize the Excel screen by using the maximize button in the upper right hand corner of the window (the icon of a single large window).

	Then click anywhere on the graph to activate it. That allows you then to right-click on various components of the graph in order to edit those components. For example, right-click on the straight line that Excel has fit to the data. You will see a small pop-up menu with a couple of options. Select the Format Trendline option and you will see the following window.		Then click anywhere on the graph to activate it. That allows you then to right-click on various components of the graph in order to edit those components. For example, right-click on the straight line that Excel has fit to the data. You will see a small pop-up menu with a couple of options. Select the Format Trendline option and you will see the following window.

	[[File:Feat2.gif\|~~center~~\|Trendline option window]]Choose the Type tab and select the logarithmic trend/regression type for a better fit.		[[File:Feat2.gif\|frame\|right\|Trendline option window]]Choose the Type tab and select the logarithmic trend/regression type for a better fit.

	Then choose the Options tab for additional choices including checking boxes for "Display Equation on Chart" and "Display R-Squared Value on Chart." Although both options are checked, the equation and R-Squared are sometimes not initially visible on the chart because they are not placed properly when you open Excel (it depends on the variables you plot). If they are not visible, turn the options both off, close the Format Trendline window, right-click on the line, select again the Format Trendline option, and again select the Options folder. Turn the Display Equation and Display R-Squared options back on and exit from the Format Trendline window again. You should now see the equation and r-squared someplace on the graph and can drag them to a better location, nearer the intersection of the two axis.		Then choose the Options tab for additional choices including checking boxes for "Display Equation on Chart" and "Display R-Squared Value on Chart." Although both options are checked, the equation and R-Squared are sometimes not initially visible on the chart because they are not placed properly when you open Excel (it depends on the variables you plot). If they are not visible, turn the options both off, close the Format Trendline window, right-click on the line, select again the Format Trendline option, and again select the Options folder. Turn the Display Equation and Display R-Squared options back on and exit from the Format Trendline window again. You should now see the equation and r-squared someplace on the graph and can drag them to a better location, nearer the intersection of the two axis.
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	If you now right-click on the dependent or y-axis, you will see a small pop-up menu with several options. Choose the format axis option and the following window will appear:		If you now right-click on the dependent or y-axis, you will see a small pop-up menu with several options. Choose the format axis option and the following window will appear:

	[[File:Feat3.gif\|center\|Axis setting window]]Under the Scale tab you will find maximum value, minimum value, and other settings. Often you will find it very useful to reset maximum or minimum values. Try, for example, setting the minimum on the y-axis to 0 and the maximum to 100.		[[File:Feat3.gif\|frame\|center\|Axis setting window]]Under the Scale tab you will find maximum value, minimum value, and other settings. Often you will find it very useful to reset maximum or minimum values. Try, for example, setting the minimum on the y-axis to 0 and the maximum to 100.

	There is much more that you can do with Excel, including copying the figure you have just created and incorporating it into a word processing file. Experiment.		There is much more that you can do with Excel, including copying the figure you have just created and incorporating it into a word processing file. Experiment.
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	Although the introduction of a control variable works helps in looking at relationships involving up to three variables (dependent, independent, and control), it is possible to examine relationships involving as many as five independent variables (see again the IFs window shown earlier on analyzing variables across countries). The key to this is selection of the Statistics option that you can see at the bottom of that window (next to the Plot button). After selecting a dependent variable and as many as 5 independent variables, touch the Statistics button. That will display the set of transformation options.		Although the introduction of a control variable works helps in looking at relationships involving up to three variables (dependent, independent, and control), it is possible to examine relationships involving as many as five independent variables (see again the IFs window shown earlier on analyzing variables across countries). The key to this is selection of the Statistics option that you can see at the bottom of that window (next to the Plot button). After selecting a dependent variable and as many as 5 independent variables, touch the Statistics button. That will display the set of transformation options.

	[[File:Feat4.gif\|center\|Transformation options window]]The transformation options allow you to apply transformations to your dependent and/or independent variables, just as you saw earlier in Excel that a logarithmic transformation of GDP per capita helped explain life expectancy better. Choose here again the logarithmic transformation of GDP per capita and then select the button Compute and Show Statistics. That will produce the following window showing statistics about the relationships among these three variables. These statistics will not be explained here – please see a standard statistics textbook.		[[File:Feat4.gif\|frame\|center\|Transformation options window]]The transformation options allow you to apply transformations to your dependent and/or independent variables, just as you saw earlier in Excel that a logarithmic transformation of GDP per capita helped explain life expectancy better. Choose here again the logarithmic transformation of GDP per capita and then select the button Compute and Show Statistics. That will produce the following window showing statistics about the relationships among these three variables. These statistics will not be explained here – please see a standard statistics textbook.

	[[File:Feat5.gif\|center\|Statistics options window]]'''Computed Functions.''' Click on the sub-option for computed functions to obtain the following window.		[[File:Feat5.gif\|frame\|center\|Statistics options window]]'''Computed Functions.''' Click on the sub-option for computed functions to obtain the following window.

	[[File:Feat6.gif\|center\|Computed functions window]]Many two-variable relationships have been computed within IFs using the cross-sectional analysis capabilities described earlier. For instance, relationships have often been computed for the same two variables at different points in time to gain insight about how the cross-sectional relationships have changed over time.		[[File:Feat6.gif\|frame\|center\|Computed functions window]]Many two-variable relationships have been computed within IFs using the cross-sectional analysis capabilities described earlier. For instance, relationships have often been computed for the same two variables at different points in time to gain insight about how the cross-sectional relationships have changed over time.

	Click the Extend List box in the window above to see the list of computed functions more clearly. Then scroll down until you see GDP/Capita (PPP) Versus Life Expectancy (1962). Because of data availability this was the earliest relationship computed between the two variables. Notice that other relationships have been computed at intervals. Holding the control (Ctrl) button down click on the relationships between those two variables for 1962, 1980, and 1995. All three should be high-lighted and therefore selected. Now click on the Draw Graph option to create a graph that contains all three.		Click the Extend List box in the window above to see the list of computed functions more clearly. Then scroll down until you see GDP/Capita (PPP) Versus Life Expectancy (1962). Because of data availability this was the earliest relationship computed between the two variables. Notice that other relationships have been computed at intervals. Holding the control (Ctrl) button down click on the relationships between those two variables for 1962, 1980, and 1995. All three should be high-lighted and therefore selected. Now click on the Draw Graph option to create a graph that contains all three.
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	== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Analyze Across Countries (Scattergram)</span> ==		== <span style="font-size:x-large;">Analyze Across Countries (Scattergram)</span> ==

	This section describes how to use the various features on the Scattergram, which appears after clicking the Plot button in the Analyze Across Countries (Cross-Sectional) option. The descriptions begin with the features found in the upper left-hand corner of the screen and ends with the features on the right of the screen. [[File:Scatter.gif\|~~center~~\|Example of scattergram]]		This section describes how to use the various features on the Scattergram, which appears after clicking the Plot button in the Analyze Across Countries (Cross-Sectional) option. The descriptions begin with the features found in the upper left-hand corner of the screen and ends with the features on the right of the screen. [[File:Scatter.gif\|frame\|right\|Example of scattergram]]

	Clicking on Continue returns the user to the previous menu, while clicking on Save provides options to save the data as a graph or as values.		Clicking on Continue returns the user to the previous menu, while clicking on Save provides options to save the data as a graph or as values.